Zebra – an odd little horse

Zebras are so iconically African.

-Zebra occur from East Africa down through the southern African countries. There are some easily seen differences between the northern and southern populations but by and large they are the same creature. There are six subspecies (races, populations, genetic groups, clades) throughout Africa. The Grevy’s Zebra is found north of the equator (mostly in Kenya) and is in a second genus. Grevy’s is the zebra with tight narrow striping; a real beauty. All the others are closely related and in the same genus.

-The great herds of migratory wildebeest that can be seen in Kenya and Tanzania are often accompanied by thousands of Common (Burchell’s) Zebra. Though they are often seen in large groups, like many animals (elephants, crows, and others) they are really in smallish family groups that have gathered together. The zebra family is usually one male, two or three or four females, and a few youngsters. The male is noisy and overbearing especially if the group is mingling with other zebra.
-The images below show a male exhibiting his power/presence/frustration for a small group of family members our perhaps another male. This show of strength might have been caused by the approach of a second male or even by the behavior of a nearby young male (perhaps a son) who is getting a bit to interested in the females.
-When large groups form, as in the migration, the noise can significant as all the males call loudly and often in trying to consolidate and organize their family and yet the overall group is to large, and to self-interested, to allow each family its personal space. In East Africa when migrating zebra have to cross a river, usually when headed back northward into Kenya, the family is rarely able to stay together and the males can often be seen in the middle of the rivers bawling loudly to get the females or youngsters together. This often causes zebras to be swimming both in the direction of the migration and then returning to the departure spot to get things organized. Chaotic and totally disorganized.

DSC_6482.jpg
Males do carry on. a bit. Aggression and noise play a big role in male-male relationships. Kicking and biting are common . Notice in this picture that the zebra looks solid but not supple. The back is quite rigid. This has been one of the physical metrics that has kept these horses from being domesticated. They also panic under stress and never really become predictable. They have been bred with donkeys but there is no location where they have been domesticated.

DSC_6484.jpg

DSC_6503.jpg
The females are a bit more placid. They watch the activities of the males with only a modicum of interest. Gestation is just over one year and the youngster will stay with the family group for more than a year. A youngster is reddish brown at birth and may be nursed for about a year. Males will gain breeding rights, and hold a female group, at age five or six. Females will mate and bear young after they are three.
DSC_6505.jpg
This male is vocalizing. But it also gives us a look at its mouth. There are teeth in the front of the jaw, both top and bottom. The animals are grazers so these teeth clip and nip the grasses.                    The foods stuff passes to the rear of the mouth where there are molars to grind it and mix it with saliva to get digestion started. The food is “digested” in a cecum at the far end of the stomach. They do not ruminate nor do they chew a cud.                                                                                      They pass a lot of forage through their bodies and skim the good stuff from their food in a hurry as it passes quickly through them. They graze for long periods every day, they eat a lot. 

 

 

Leave a Reply

Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:

WordPress.com Logo

You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Log Out /  Change )

Facebook photo

You are commenting using your Facebook account. Log Out /  Change )

Connecting to %s

%d bloggers like this: